Russia began a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, in an escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War that began in 2014. The invasion was the largest military attack in Europe since World War II.After the Ukrainian Revolution of Dignity in 2014, Russia annexed Crimea, and Russian-backed separatist forces seized part of the south-eastern Ukrainian region of the Donbas, launching an ongoing war in the region. In early 2021, Russia began assembling military forces along the Russia–Ukraine border. The United States and others accused Russia of planning to invade Ukraine, and Russian officials repeatedly issued denials as late as 20 February 2022. During the crisis, Russian president Vladimir Putin described the enlargement of NATO after 1997 as a threat to his country's security, a claim that NATO rejected, and he demanded that Ukraine be permanently barred from joining NATO. Putin expressed Russian irredentist views, and questioned Ukraine's right to statehood. Before the invasion, attempting to provide casus belli, Putin accused Ukraine of committing genocide against its Russian-speakers; there is...